The safety design of the surrounding environment of the campus should be based on the core principles of "prevention first, functional adaptation, and dynamic management", and be carried out around four dimensions: student behavior characteristics, traffic risks, social security, and ecological hazards. Through spatial planning, facility configuration, and institutional linkage, a safety system that is "perceivable, defensible, and emergency responsive" should be constructed. The following is carried out from four aspects: design principles, risk control, facility configuration and collaborative management:

First, the core principles of design

The principle of hierarchical prevention and control

The safety levels are classified based on the distance between the campus and the surrounding environment:

Core area (0-50 meters) : Strictly restrict the passage of motor vehicles, and set up pedestrian priority lanes and buffer zones.

Transition zone (50-200 meters) : Control commercial formats and avoid places such as bars and Internet cafes that are prone to causing security issues.

Radiation zone (200 meters away) : Strengthen monitoring and patrolling, and establish an emergency response linkage mechanism.

Behavioral adaptation principle

Design differentiated safety facilities for students of different age groups, such as primary school students and middle school students:

The height difference around primary school students should be reduced, and anti-collision guardrails and interesting guidance signs should be set up.

Intelligent monitoring and emergency assistance devices can be added around middle school students to ensure privacy protection.

Dynamic elasticity principle

Reserve adjustable space to deal with emergencies (such as epidemics and natural disasters) :

Set up temporary isolation belts and emergency passages to ensure rapid evacuation.

It is equipped with portable lighting and monitoring devices to meet the demands of night or extreme weather.

Second, risk control strategy

Traffic risk prevention and control

Separation of pedestrians and vehicles: Set up "no-parking zones" and "speed bumps" within 30 meters of the campus entrances and exits, and enhance visual warnings through ground paving (such as colored asphalt) and marking.

Pick-up and drop-off management: Divide the parent pick-up and drop-off area, the student waiting area and the temporary parking area to avoid vehicle congestion and traffic jams. For example, set up "stop and go" lanes and electronic screens to indicate the remaining parking Spaces.

Non-motorized vehicle management: Set up dedicated parking sheds and charging facilities to prevent electric vehicles from being parked haphazard or charged indoors, which could cause fires.

Social security prevention and control

Surveillance coverage: Within a 200-meter radius around the campus, achieve high-definition surveillance without blind spots, with a focus on monitoring entrances and exits, alleys, and bus stops.

Lighting enhancement: Increase the brightness of night lighting to 30-50 lux to avoid "dark corners" that could pose security risks.

Isolation facilities: Set up anti-climbing hedges or transparent anti-collision barriers 1 meter outside the campus fence to balance safety and aesthetics.

Prevention and control of ecological and facility hazards

Greening safety: Avoid planting thorny (such as roses), toxic (such as oleander) or easily toppling (such as poplars) plants. Prune branches to a height of ≥3 meters to prevent pedestrians from being scratched.

Facility maintenance: Regularly inspect the stability of facilities such as manhole covers, street lamps, and billboards, and install anti-settlement manhole covers and leakage protection devices.

Third, safety facility configuration

Intelligent monitoring and early warning system

Face recognition and behavior analysis: Install smart cameras at campus entrances and exits to identify suspicious individuals or abnormal gathering behaviors.

One-button alarm device: Emergency buttons are set up at key locations such as campus fences and bus stops to directly link the police and the school authorities.

Environmental monitoring: Install air quality, noise and water level sensors to issue real-time warnings of pollution or flood risks.

Wayfinding and lighting systems

Reflective signs: Install reflective strips or fluorescent coatings on the ground, fences and street lamp poles to enhance visibility at night.

Intelligent lighting: It adopts sensor-activated street lamps, which automatically adjust the brightness according to the density of people flow, saving energy while avoiding light pollution.

Isolation and buffering facilities

Anti-collision facilities: Set up retractable anti-collision posts on the roads around the campus to prevent vehicle collisions.

Speed bumps and markings: By combining longitudinal speed bumps with transverse markings, the vehicle is forced to slow down.

Fourth, the collaborative management mechanism

Multi-party linkage mechanism

Establish a four-party linkage platform of "school authorities - public security - urban management - communities" to share monitoring data and event information.

Regularly carry out joint drills (such as counter-terrorism and fire fighting) to enhance the efficiency of emergency response.

Public participation and education

Set up a "Campus Safety Mini-Class" to popularize knowledge on preventing abduction and traffic safety among students and parents.

Encourage parent volunteers to participate in patrolling during peak hours for going to and from school, and create an atmosphere of "home-school co-governance".

Data-driven optimization

Analyze the passage paths of students through heat maps and optimize the layout of safety facilities.

Establish a "snap and Report" platform for potential safety hazards and encourage the public to report risk locations.

Fifth, Comparison and implications of Typical cases

Success case

Japanese campus safety design: By designating dedicated walking paths through "school paths for schoolchildren", setting up volunteer escorts and intelligent surveillance, the rate of traffic accidents is reduced.

Campus planning in Singapore: Commercial formats within a 50-meter radius are strictly restricted. Only educational venues such as bookstores and stationery stores are allowed.

Failure case

A cluster of bars around a campus in a certain city led to a security incident when students returned home at night. The issue was later resolved through "business type clearance" and upgraded surveillance cameras.

A design flaw in the pick-up and drop-off area of a certain primary school: parents' vehicles were mixed with pedestrians, causing a scratch accident. Later, the problem was improved by setting up a "pedestrian and vehicle separation corridor".

Core conclusion

The safety design of the surrounding environment of the campus should follow the path of "prevention first, functional adaptation, technological empowerment, and multi-party collaboration". Through spatial reconstruction, facility upgrading and institutional innovation, risk prevention and control should be integrated into daily scenarios. During the design process, it is necessary to avoid the misunderstanding of "emphasizing hardware over management and form over effectiveness", and focus on long-term maintenance and dynamic adjustment to ensure the sustainable operation of the security system.